Health and Social Care Essay Example for Free

Health and Social Care Essay In this essay I am going to talk the patterns and trends of health and ill health among different social groupings. I will talk about each pattern and trend in its own paragraph, Social class, Gender, Ethnicity, Age and Geographical location. I will talk about the links between these to health issues. I will back these up through the use of evidence such as statistics. I will then conclude what I have found out. Firstly I will talk about each pattern and trend. Social Class Social class helps to deter the reasons for individual’s health and ill health. Social classes also help with understanding health and ill health, this is done through the basis of individuals lifestyle class, for example the lower class who work in the worst conditions and have the lower ranked jobs are seen to have the poorer health. Were as the higher class are them which work in jobs that mean they work higher into the society such as office work. Meaning they’re less likely to contract or suffer with an illness or such like because their environment is completely different. Another thing which means individuals is more likely to have better health care, due to their higher position in society and better paid jobs. Yet as society has developed further more, The Equality Act 2010, now covers individuals to receive fair payments no matter your class ranking or your gender. [NVLE] Social class determines a lot of health and ill health trends across the world. There is overwhelming evidence that this is the case and that life expectancy is due to this rating system of social classes. Members of higher social classes are living longer and experiencing better healthcare than members of the lower social classes. For example if someone of lower class comes it a health care profession with an issue but is drunk they’re treat noticeably different to the higher class people who need medical help. Research in the past such as the black report has shown that differences in health and well-being were an effect of the level of peoples income, as well as the quality of their housing and the environment which they lived and worked in. [Stretch and Whitehouse 2010] As you can see here, that social class plays a large part in the whole  families health as well. It also shows us that the individuals who are in the higher social class, the ones with the high income, have a better chance when the individual comes to being treated and have a better chance because of the factors of their housing, income and the wider range of opportunities available with that amount of money readily available to them. This demonstrates the huge difference based around their background, jobs and life compared to an individual who has a much less income and is in the bottom of the class rankings. There are several different influence which can cause this to happen for the individuals, a lot of chances can be taken away from the individual as a result of the social class system, as this demonstrates it can be very unfair to certain individuals. [change In the social world] Gender Gender plays a larger role in individuals health. This plays a large part on the individuals choices and opinions which take place, this is because of the rights which men hold compared to the ones which women held. This plays a big part in the individual based around their work and past experiences, for example women pay for attention about their health because they seek more medical help about things compared to men, this is because of their background such as working history and women have more attention towards their health care. This means that women gain the necessary treatment at a more beneficial time based around their illness because of their more frequent trips to doctors and medical professions, who diagnose them with an illness or issue which enables them to receive the adequate care. Were as men don’t tend to visit the doctor as regularly, meaning they don’t gain the same treatment and often die at younger age. This is called Disease prevalence. From here the main thing which medical professions tend to diagnose women with is depression. Gender also determines how the individuals treatment is seen and how their illness is advanced, this means that most of the time men’s treatment is more intense because they leave the issue to progress compared to women. Another thing is that women tend to live longer than men and this is proven by statistical graphs, these show that women live a longer life then men. The reasons for this are based around women and men, these show different variation in lifestyles and job workings etc. This graph shows the life expectancy over several years has increased, but it has shown that the male gender has still increasing at a lower level then female gender. [AIHW] There are many other issues associated with gender, these are associated around the lifestyle factors and habits such as smoking. There is a higher death rate based around males which can be linked with their higher levels of smoking and drinking. This is also based around the individuals participating in dangerous sports and activities. This Is based around their need for more adventure and risk taking, this can also be linked with road accidents. Meaning a higher death rate for males between 17 and 24. [Stretch and Whitehouse 2010] Ethnicity The link between race and illness is difficult to study systematically because there are several different racial types or races throughout the world and travelling has become more available these racial types have expanded. Another thing which means finding patterns and trends based around an individuals racial type has become harder, is the fact that there are now more difficult, because a lot of small ethnical groups live within inner city areas. The connection based around individuals living within cities is poorer housing, pollution and higher employment and deprived areas. This means that its harder to deter whether the individuals poor health is because of the their ethnicity or poverty. As well as the implications of higher poverty and the lack of access to health services throughout the area of that individual. Another issue based around trying to treat individuals is language and cultural difficulties, these are things which are standing in the way of individuals being able to receive health care or limit the access to certain health care. An issue which also means that individuals struggle around the basis of health care, such as religious and cultural matters, this is supported by the fact that Asian people, they speak little English and require a female doctor. Due to the issue of different racial groups and the several different languages and due to everyone having different first languages, then individuals may need different communication techniques such as translators. Due to these being in a short supply then these aren’t often in place. Health and social care workers need to understand individuals cultural and religious belief, this means that people need to be fully met, if not then the individual is being left vulnerable to higher levels of ill health. [Stretch and Whitehouse 2010] Age As people age you expect them to suffer a certain amount of difficulties, such as body functions becoming less efficient and them becoming less agile. As time has progressed this has changed, now people over the retirement age are more fit, healthy . these individuals contribute to our society through paid work, voluntary actions/ activities and caring for people throughout their families. This is supported by the 2001 census which revealed that 342,032 people ages 65 and over provided 50 hours or more unpaid care per week. It also remains true that there is a higher level of illness among the older population and particularly among the people over the age of 75. Throughout a 3 month period in 2003, 24% of people over the age of 75 attended causality or out-patients department of a hospital, compared with 14% of people of all other ages. These statistics are from the General Household Survey 2003.The Alzheimer’s Society in 2007 estimated that one in 20 people over 65 and one in five people over the age of 80 suffered from dementia. [Stretch and Whitehouse 2010] (extend) Age is something which creates several different patterns, this is based around the fact that as people age they become more prone to extracting an illness or disease or something such as a life long problem. This means that the individuals require more treatment and help. Yet as this treatment and helps is advancing the individuals life expectancy is continually increasing. Yet as you can see in the older generations, that the  individuals with longer life expectancy are women, this can reflect back to the factors which are demonstrated in gender, the men go out smoking, drinking and socialising, were as the women tend to stay at home caring for their family and are deprived from those opportunities. This shows that the women tend to be healthier and live longer with less health problems. Location There are also regional variations in patterns of health and illness. Throughout different parts of the country mortality and morbidity rates vary and also within towns and cities throughout the UK. The poorer regions and the poorer parts of cities have a higher level of illness. This can be based around the pollution and deprived areas within the cities. This is because of poorer sanitation and poorer facilities throughout the area. This can also be related to groups and people within the area, such as gangs. This can aslo be related to crime within that area, meaning that the safety and the area has become more deprived. For example, research has identified that there are regional trends in the incidence of lung cancer across the UK. Within England the rates of people with lung cancer are higher than average in the north-west, northern and Yorkshire regions and below average in the south-western, southern and eastern regions. [Stretch and Whitehouse 2010] Location reflects and accounts for many areas of health and social care which are based around the individual, for example the availability of health care professions for the varying ages. You may have to travel at distance to reach a suitable health care profession, this can be based on the fact that if you live within a small area in a city which is seen as deprived and has high levels of crime, then people may be unprepared to work within the area. Another factor may be based around the community of people within that area, such as ethnicity groups and people who use drugs, alcohol and such like, these may never think about seeking medical help as they’re unaware of their body and if anything is wrong. This is all based around the individual developing trends and patterns of ill health around certain areas because of their needs and problems, poorer living conditions and pollution within that area. [NVLE] I conclude form what I have written above, that all of these, Social class, Gender, Ethnicity, Age and Geographical location of the individual, plays a large part based around the individuals health. I have found that many lifestyles factors have contributed to the individuals health, yet equal many judgemental factors have also contributed to the individuals health. I found that social class has contributed to the individuals health because of their availability to wider health care and the prices which may have relation to their illness. Were as gender has contributed to the individuals health because of their leisure and more daring activities and lifestyle choices which they consume, as well as their working area. Ethnicity has contributed to the individuals health care based around the fact the individual has moved and is living within a small area which may be deprived, (linking with location) and is unable to communicate and pay for their health care because of the move and ch ange. Age contributes to the individuals health care because of the growing issues related to becoming older and now having to look after younger family members, this has also been contributed to because of their lifestyle when they were in their teens and early adulthood and the choices they made then such as smoking. Location has contributed to health care because of the area in which the individual can afford to live and the events which may happen within that area, such as crime and the poor facilities around. As I have concluded there are many contributions throughout these health and social care patterns and trends, they all have their own individual way of contributing to the individuals care. References: [AIHW] 2013. Life expectancy.[Online] Available at https://www.aihw.gov.au/uploadedImages/Subjects/Deaths/_Content/General_content/life-expectancy-figure-1-SAS.png?n=8696 [Accessed 10th March 2014] Health and Social Care Level Btec level 3 book , Beryl Stretch and Mary Whitehouse 2010 NVLE [change in the social world]2009. [Online] Available at http://catalog.flatworldknowledge.com/bookhub/reader/4306?e=barkbrief-1.1-ch13_s02# [Accessed 10th March 2014]

Quentin Tarentino Essay -- Auteur Quentin Tarentino Films Movies Essay

Quentin Tarentino   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Throughout the many years the film industry has grown, a certain type of filmmaker immerged, known as an auteur. An auteur, usually a director, has a strong personal style and exercises creative control over his or her works. Quentin Tarentino, for example, has proven himself to be an auteur in various ways. Quentin Tarentino worked for four years as a clerk in a Los Angeles video store, where he made his feature directorial and screenwriting debut of Reservoir Dogs, and where he further expanded his great knowledge of film. Tarentino’s personal style incorporates a lot of well thought out violence, swearing, repetitive casting, and many other filming techniques. In looking at Reservoir Dogs, Jackie Brown, and Pulp Fiction by Quentin Tarentino, we see the visual and stylistic similarities between the films that mark Quentin Tarentino as an auteur, and find that these similarities are shown through the intense violence, similar casting, and unique filming of each of these movie s.    Reservoir Dogs, shot in 1992, relays a story about a mastermind mob-boss, Joe, who assembles a gang of high-end criminals to pull off a jewelry store heist. As the movie begins, it becomes completely clear that the plan went wrong which forces the survivors, who meet in a warehouse, to try and figure out which one of them is a police informant. The crew, which consists of Mr. White, a veteran, Mr. Orange, the wounded â€Å"informant†, Mr. Pink, a squabbling criminal, Mr. Blonde, a crazy ex-con, and Nice Guy Eddie, Joe’s son. Eventually, all the criminals meet in the warehouse, and it all ends in a bloody Mexican standoff. Quentin Tarentino set this film within the heist genre of other films perfectly, yet managed to completely change around the way a heist is normally shot. This movie is completely exclusive to the other heist movies that have been filmed due to the way it is shot in reverse, with the story unfolding as the characters meet in the warehouse. Whereas othe r heist films are straightforward from the beginning. Throughout this film, the amount of violence runs rampant. For example, at the beginning of the movie Mr. Orange is being taken to the warehouse with a bullet in his stomach and stays with that bullet in his stomach throughout the whole movie, while he screams and passes out from all the pain. Another example of the intense violence that o... ...d it leads one to. Tarentino uses the tracking shots in his movies as a stylistic element to build up the suspense of a scene and to show the paranoia of the actors fulfilling the role. Although not explored, Tarentino uses the swearing of the gangsters/criminals to further display their roles in each movie. Yet, the actors and actresses that did not act as a criminal tended not to curse at all, which can be found interesting. To further extend Quentin Tarentino’s role as an auteur, he repeatedly uses the same actors, actresses, and objects in each movie. The characters in each movie learn that a life of crime leads to death and/or other bad situations. The audience learns that swearing is good, drugs are good, and movie cuts are cool. Just kidding. The audience learns that thinking before one’s actions and leading a clean lifestyle, will lengthen one’s life. In looking at Reservoir Dogs, Jackie Brown, and Pulp Fiction by Quentin Tarentino, we see the visual and stylistic comparisons between the films that portray Quentin Tarentino as an auteur, and find that these comparisons are advocated through the severe violence, similar casting, and unique filming of each of these movies.

Market Equilibrium Process Analysis

The main goal of the market equilibrium is to get match the common intention of buyer and seller in the market. According to McConnell, the market equilibrium is the base point in which the supply and demand of the product quantity (McConnell, 2009). The equilibrium process play role for the buyer and seller agreement and confidence in each other. The process of equilibrium has impact of the following facts †¢Equilibrium price and quantity of products. †¢Changes and shift in demands of the products. †¢Changes and shift in supply of the products. The equilibrium price and quantity also can be referred by the total intersection of supply and demand curve. The shift in this curve will affect the shift in the equilibrium price and quantity. The change in the demand of product also effect the price and quantity structure at equilibrium because if the demand is higher then the price will be higher and the production in quantity will be higher as well. The supply will have impact on the equilibrium level as well because if the product supply in large amount then the price will stay at the low but if the supply level decreases then the price might go up due to the demand of the product. Above all facts about the market equilibrium process can be shown in the experience at the music store while buying music CD. One of the favorite band CD price was $15 until previous week, but at present the price have gone up to $22. The sudden price change was the effect of the demand of the band CD. The change in demand of the CD was higher this week and the supply was only 50 in quantity, which producer thought to be enough for the market demand. But the same CD was requested by more than 50 people, and increase in the demand prompt to increase in the price. Thus the effect of the demand change affected the equilibrium structure of price and quantity. The same effect can be seen in the supply. The supply of the same band CD was 70 and only 50 people have requested about the band CD on the price of $15. It shows that the 50 people are fine with the product and they are not planning to buy more same band CDs. Therefore, the price of the CD dropped to $10 in order to produce cell of remainder 20 CD in supply. The shift in the supply caused the equilibrium to reach lower for both price and quantities. Thus the supply and demand have major impact on the equilibrium price and quantity. These three factors would explain that the market equilibrium process can be achieved in the theory but in the real-world market with constantly changing price and economy would make it harder to achieve market equilibrium. Thus, the factors of supply and demand have affected the market equilibrium process including the equilibrium price and quantity. The change in supply and demand impacts largely on the market equilibrium and bring level of equilibrium higher or lower. Reference: McConnell, C. R. , Brue, S. L. , & Flynn, S. M. (2009). Economics: Principles, problems, and policies (18th ed. ). New York: McGraw Hill/Irwin.

How Did Martin Luther King Day Become a Federal Holiday

On Nov. 2, 1983, President Ronald Reagan signed a bill making Martin Luther King Jr. Day a federal holiday effective Jan. 20, 1986. As a result, Americans commemorate Martin Luther King, Jr.s birthday on the third Monday in January, but few are aware of the history of the long battle to convince Congress to establish this holiday. John Conyers Congressman John Conyers, an African American Democrat from Michigan, spearheaded the movement to establish Martin Luther King Jr. Day. Conyers worked in the civil rights movement in the 1960s, was elected to Congress in 1964, and championed the Voting Rights Act of 1965. Four days after Kings assassination in 1968, Conyers introduced a bill that would make January 15 a federal holiday in Kings honor. Congress was unmoved by his efforts, and though he kept reviving the bill, it kept failing. In 1970, Conyers convinced New Yorks governor and New York Citys mayor to commemorate Kings birthday, a move that the city of St. Louis emulated in 1971. Other localities followed, but it was not until the 1980s that Congress acted on Conyers bill. By this time, the congressman had enlisted the help of popular singer Stevie Wonder, who released the song Happy Birthday for King in 1981. Conyers also organized marches in support of the holiday in 1982 and 1983. Congressional Battles Conyers finally succeeded when he reintroduced the bill in 1983. But even then, support was not unanimous. In the House of Representatives, William Dannemeyer, a California Republican, led opposition to the bill. He argued that it was too expensive to create a federal holiday, estimating that it would cost $225 million annually in lost productivity. Reagans administration concurred with Dannemeyer, but the House passed the bill with a vote of 338 for and 90 against. When the bill reached the Senate, the arguments opposing the bill were less grounded in economics, relying more on outright racism. Sen. Jesse Helms, a North Carolina Democrat, filibustered against the bill, demanding the FBI to release its files on King and asserting that King was a Communist who did not deserve the honor of a holiday. The FBI investigated King throughout the late 1950s and 1960s at the behest of its chief, J. Edgar Hoover, had tried intimidation tactics against the civil rights leader, and sent him a note in 1965 suggesting he kill himself to avoid embarrassing personal revelations hitting the media. Rejecting Baseless Accusations King, of course, was not a Communist and broke no federal laws, but by challenging the status quo, King and the civil rights movement discomfited the Washington establishment. Charges of communism were a popular way to discredit people who dared speak truth to power during the 50s and 60s, and Kings opponents made liberal use of the tactic. Helms tried to revive that tactic, and Reagan defended King. When a reporter asked about the communism accusations, the president said that Americans would find out in around 35 years, the length of time until FBI materials are declassified. Reagan later apologized, though a federal judge blocked the release of Kings FBI files. Conservatives in the Senate tried to change the name of the bill to National Civil Rights Day, but failed. The bill passed the Senate with a vote of 78 for and 22 against. Reagan capitulated, signing the bill into law. The First Martin Luther King Jr. Day In 1986, Coretta Scott King chaired the committee responsible for creating the first celebration of her husbands birthday. Though she was disappointed at not receiving more support from Reagans administration, her efforts resulted in over a week of commemorations leading up to the holiday, from Jan. 11 to Jan. 20, 1986. Cities like Atlanta held tribute events, and Washington, D.C. dedicated a bust of King. Reagans proclamation on Jan. 18, 1986 explained the reason for the holiday: This year marks the first observance of the birthday of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. as a national holiday. It is a time for rejoicing and reflecting. We rejoice because, in his short life, Dr. King, by his preaching, his example, and his leadership, helped to move us closer to the ideals on which America was founded... He challenged us to make real the promise of America as a land of freedom, equality, opportunity, and brotherhood. It required a 15-year-long fight, but Conyers and his supporters successfully won King national recognition for his service to country and humanity. Although some southern states protested the new holiday by commemorating the Confederacy on the same day, by the 90s, Martin Luther King Jr. Day was established everywhere in the U.S. Resources and Further Reading Campbell, Bebe Moore. â€Å"A National Holiday for King.† Black Enterprise, Jan. 1984, p. 21.Garrow, David J. Bearing the Cross Martin Luther King, Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference. Vintage, 1988.Nazel, Joseph. Martin Luther King, Jr. Holloway House, 1991.Reagan, Ronald. â€Å"Proclamation 5431 -- Martin Luther King, Jr. Day, 1986.† Ronald Reagan Presidential Library Museum, U.S. National Archives and Records Administration, 18 Jan. 1986.Smitherman, Geneva. Word From the Mother: Language and African Americans. Taylor Francis, 2006.